BSC2085L Review Materials

Practical 2 - Preview/Review
* Axial Skeleton Lab *

~~~ last modified 10-21-99 ~~~

Prepared by
W. J. McCracken
Images and web pages © W. J. McCracken
Tallahassee Community College
mccrackw@tcc.fl.edu






Click on the links to see the images of the selected items.

These are not a substitute for being in lab, but may help you prepare for the labs and practicals!
 

1. Articulated Skeleton - Axial Overview, Thorax (Ribs & Sternum):

   A. Articulated Skeleton (axial division, pectoral and pelvic girdle and arms):
       anterior view
       posterior view
          thorax - anteriolateral view

   B. Rib:
       left rib - superior view
       left rib - inferior view
       left rib - inferior view - labeled

2. Skull:

   A. Various Views of the Skull - natural bone skulls:
           anterior view
            same anterior view - labeled
           anterior - close-up
           anterio-lateral view
            eye orbit detail
                 eye orbit detail - labeled

           superior view
           superior-posterior view
           anterio-superior - showing ** metopic suture **

           lateral view
           lateral view #2
           lateral view #3

           inferio-lateral view #1
           inferio-lateral view #2
           inferio-lateral view #3
           inferio-lateral view #4

           inferior view #1
           inferior view #2
           inferior view #3
           inferior view #4 - labeled
           inferior view #5 (flash) - what is the structure visible through the foramen magnum?

           "pop top" - floor of cranium
           "pop top" - floor of cranium - labeled

           inconsistent bones of the skull - wormian bones
 

   B. "Exploded" Skull ( = Beauchene Skull) Model - also see p. 498-499 in manual:

          1. entire model:
            anterior view
            anterio-lateral view #1
            anterio-lateral view #2
            anterior view - close-up

            lateral view
            lateral view - labeled

            posterio-lateral view

          2. some individual bones - from model and/or natural bone:
            mandible - natural bone - anterio-lateral view
            mandible - natural bone - posterio-lateral view

            maxilla - model - lateral view
            maxilla - model - medial view
            maxilla - model - posterior view

            temporal bone - model - lateral view

            ethmoid bone - model - anterior view
            ethmoid bone - model - lateral view
            ethmoid bone - model - lateral view #2
            ethmoid bone - model - posterior view
            ethmoid bone - model - inferior view
            ethmoid bone with vomer in approximate relative position - lateral view

            sphenoid bone - model - anterior view
            sphenoid bone - model - lateral view (shows parts visible on outside of skull viewed laterally)
            sphenoid bone - model - inferio-lateral view
            sphenoid bone - model - superio-lateral view
            sphenoid bone - model - superior view (as it would be seen in "pop top " view)
            sphenoid bone - model - posterior view
            sphenoid bone - model - inferior view (shows parts visible on outside of skull viewed inferiorly)

 
   C. Midsagittally Sectioned Skull:
         left half skull - vomer remnant, etc.
         right half skull - paranasal sinuses 

   D. Fetal Skull:
         anterior view
         posterior view
         inferior view
            inferio-laterial view
 

3. Hyoid Bone:
 

4. Vertebral Column:

    A. Segments of Regions of Vertebral Column:
           (also review the articulated skeleton pictures linked above)
           cervical region
           thoracic region - posterior view
           thoracic region - lateral view
           thoracic region - lateral view - labeled
           lumbar region - posterior view
           lumbar region - posterior view #2
           lumbar region - lateral view

   B. Cervical
           "typical" cervical vertebrae
           "typical" cervical vertebrae - labeled
           comparison of C7 and T1 - superior view
           comparison of C7 and T1 - lateral view

          specialized cervical vertebrae - atlas and axis:
           atlas (C1) - superior view
           atlas (C1) - inferior view

           axis (C2) - superio-lateral view
           axis (C2) - inferio-lateral view

           atlas - occipital condyle joint

           articulated atlas/axis - superior/posterior view
           articulated atlas/axis - posterio-lateral view
           articulated atlas/axis - atlas rotated on odontoid process
              (as would occur in "shaking your head no" = laterally rotating head

   C. Thoracic
           "typical" thoracic vertebra - superior view
           "typical" thoracic vertebra - inferior view
           group of thoracic vertebrae - inferior view
           group of thoracic vertebrae - lateral view

          T 12 - a unique thoracic vertebra since it must articulate inferiorly with lumbar vertebra (L1)
           T 12 - lateral view
           T 12 - lateral view - labeled

   D. Lumbar
           "typical" lumbar vertebra - superior view
           "typical" lumbar vertebra - inferior view
           "typical' lumbar vertebra - inferio-lateral view
           "typical" lumbar vertebra - posterio-lateral view

  E. Sacrum and Coccyx - also go to articulated skeleton pictures linked above and to pelvis photos on appendicular skeleton lab
        sacrum - anterior view
        sacrum - posterior view
        sacrum - lateral view

4. Thorax - rib cage and sternum: also go to articulated skeleton pictures linked above
        sternum - anterior view